Publications

ПУБЛИКАЦИИ

Molecular computing as a link between biological and physical theory

Molecular computing as a link between biological and physical theory

Molecular computing as a link between biological and physical theory

1982

Journal of Theoretical Biology

1982

Journal of Theoretical Biology

1982

Journal of Theoretical Biology

V. 98, № 2, 239-252

V. 98, № 2, 239-252

doi.org

Abstract

Abstract

АННОТАЦИЯ

АННОТАЦИЯ

We define an extremal computer as one which uses physical resources as effectively as possible for computation. As far as presently understood, extremal computers should be molecular computers. A number of computing mechanisms at the cellular level are considered, including word processing, kinetic mechanisms, conformational mechanisms, control processes in the membrane, diffusional mechanisms, and mechanisms involving sound waves. The hypothesis is put forward that the cyclic nucleotide system of intraneuronal information processing serves both as an analog diffusional mechanism and as a link between extremal (molecular) computing processes and macroscopic computing processes involving the nerve impulse. According to this hypothesis the computing power of the brain is primarily based on intracellular processes. The describability of nature by (computable) physical laws is limited by the extreme of computing which is possible in the physical universe. The paradox of molecular computing is that the unpredictable features exhibited by an object system which is not computable by an extremal computer could not be distinguished from new computing primitives which would allow more extremal computing. The authors present separate possible resolutions of this paradox. But under any interpretation the limits on the describability of nature imposed by the physical limits of computing imply that macromolecular processes of the type which occur in living systems provide a more fundamental foundation stone for the structure of science and of nature than previously thought.

We define an extremal computer as one which uses physical resources as effectively as possible for computation. As far as presently understood, extremal computers should be molecular computers. A number of computing mechanisms at the cellular level are considered, including word processing, kinetic mechanisms, conformational mechanisms, control processes in the membrane, diffusional mechanisms, and mechanisms involving sound waves. The hypothesis is put forward that the cyclic nucleotide system of intraneuronal information processing serves both as an analog diffusional mechanism and as a link between extremal (molecular) computing processes and macroscopic computing processes involving the nerve impulse. According to this hypothesis the computing power of the brain is primarily based on intracellular processes. The describability of nature by (computable) physical laws is limited by the extreme of computing which is possible in the physical universe. The paradox of molecular computing is that the unpredictable features exhibited by an object system which is not computable by an extremal computer could not be distinguished from new computing primitives which would allow more extremal computing. The authors present separate possible resolutions of this paradox. But under any interpretation the limits on the describability of nature imposed by the physical limits of computing imply that macromolecular processes of the type which occur in living systems provide a more fundamental foundation stone for the structure of science and of nature than previously thought.

chaimatics

Chaimatics

Discovery of links between the biology, physics and mathematics, and founding a new area of studies focused on computations in living systems are his life achievements. Efim Liberman gave the name of “Chaimatics” to this new area of science

I

DNA is the text of a code written for molecular computers of living cells. The notion of “Text” is intrinsically opposite to a random sequence of symbols, and it can exist only inside the system of language. In this case, it is a genetic language, which is isomorphic to a natural language

II

Computations conducted in a living cell are real physical actions, and free energy and time must be spent for completing them. As all living organisms are comprised of cells, this statement is applicable to any control processes implemented in the biosphere

III

Molecular computations are limited by the microscopic scale of a cell and inevitable impact of the computations on formulation of a problem begin solved. The Chaimatics grew from the recognition of the computation reality as the quantum mechanics grew from the recognition of the measurement reality.

IV

A cell creates а quantum computing tool for solving complex problems. This tool utilizes hypersound quanta, and uses the cell cytoskeleton as the computing environment. In such a computer, a price of elementary computation converges to the physical limit, which is Planck’s constant

Chaimatic's statements are simple, but they require a change in the traditional vision, rooted in scientific practice

Read a book

Chapter I

The journey of life in science

chaimatics

хаиматика

хаиматика

Итогом жизни в науке стало установление связей между биологией, физикой, математикой и новая область исследования, посвященная вычислениям в живых системах. Ефим Либерман дал имя новой науке: «Хаиматика»

I

ДНК – это текст программы для молекулярных компьютеров клеток. «Текст» по определению не случайная последовательность знаков и может существовать только внутри языковой системы. В данном случае это генетический язык, изоморфный естественному языку

II

Вычисление в живой клетке является реальным физическим действием и требует затрат свободной энергии и времени. Поскольку все живые организмы состоят из клеток, это относится ко всему управлению, которое осуществляется в биосфере

III

Молекулярные вычисления ограничены микроскопическим объемом клетки и принципиальной возможностью влияния вычисления на условия решаемой задачи: квантовая механика возникла из осознания реальности измерения, Хаиматика - из реальности вычисления

IV

Для решения сложных задач клетка создает устройство квантового вычисления, использующего кванты гиперзвука и клеточный цитоскелет, как вычисляющую среду. Цена вычисления в таком компьютере стремится к физическому пределу – постоянной Планка

Утверждения Хаиматики просты, но они требуют изменения традиционных представлений, принятых в научной практике

Читать книгу

Глава I

Как все начиналось

хаиматика