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Neuron generator potentials evoked by intracellular injection of cyclic nucleotides and mechanical distension
Neuron generator potentials evoked by intracellular injection of cyclic nucleotides and mechanical distension
Neuron generator potentials evoked by intracellular injection of cyclic nucleotides and mechanical distension
1985
Brain Research
1985
Brain Research
1985
Brain Research
V. 338, № 1, 33-44
V. 338, № 1, 33-44
doi.org
Abstract
Abstract
АННОТАЦИЯ
АННОТАЦИЯ
Depolarization of neuron membrane was shown to occur during cAMP injection by means of both iontophoresis and pressure. Distension of the neuron by means of blowing with large volumes of solution without cAMP can produce reversible responses. The time course can be made similar to that of the cAMP effect and the responses can be repeated many times in the same neuron. The effect of cAMP can be differentiated from the mechanical response by injecting small volumes of concentrated solutions. The delay in this depolarization response to cAMP is only 0.1–0.3 s. The calculated time of diffusion from the electrode tip to the membrane is about 10 times greater. The similarity of cAMP and mechanical responses and the short delay of the cAMP effect suggests that a cAMP effect may be mediated by mechanical signals in the cytoskeleton.
Depolarization of neuron membrane was shown to occur during cAMP injection by means of both iontophoresis and pressure. Distension of the neuron by means of blowing with large volumes of solution without cAMP can produce reversible responses. The time course can be made similar to that of the cAMP effect and the responses can be repeated many times in the same neuron. The effect of cAMP can be differentiated from the mechanical response by injecting small volumes of concentrated solutions. The delay in this depolarization response to cAMP is only 0.1–0.3 s. The calculated time of diffusion from the electrode tip to the membrane is about 10 times greater. The similarity of cAMP and mechanical responses and the short delay of the cAMP effect suggests that a cAMP effect may be mediated by mechanical signals in the cytoskeleton.
Depolarization of neuron membrane was shown to occur during cAMP injection by means of both iontophoresis and pressure. Distension of the neuron by means of blowing with large volumes of solution without cAMP can produce reversible responses. The time course can be made similar to that of the cAMP effect and the responses can be repeated many times in the same neuron. The effect of cAMP can be differentiated from the mechanical response by injecting small volumes of concentrated solutions. The delay in this depolarization response to cAMP is only 0.1–0.3 s. The calculated time of diffusion from the electrode tip to the membrane is about 10 times greater. The similarity of cAMP and mechanical responses and the short delay of the cAMP effect suggests that a cAMP effect may be mediated by mechanical signals in the cytoskeleton.
Depolarization of neuron membrane was shown to occur during cAMP injection by means of both iontophoresis and pressure. Distension of the neuron by means of blowing with large volumes of solution without cAMP can produce reversible responses. The time course can be made similar to that of the cAMP effect and the responses can be repeated many times in the same neuron. The effect of cAMP can be differentiated from the mechanical response by injecting small volumes of concentrated solutions. The delay in this depolarization response to cAMP is only 0.1–0.3 s. The calculated time of diffusion from the electrode tip to the membrane is about 10 times greater. The similarity of cAMP and mechanical responses and the short delay of the cAMP effect suggests that a cAMP effect may be mediated by mechanical signals in the cytoskeleton.
chaimatics
Chaimatics
Discovery of links between the biology, physics and mathematics, and founding a new area of studies focused on computations in living systems are his life achievements. Efim Liberman gave the name of “Chaimatics” to this new area of science
I
DNA is the text of a code written for molecular computers of living cells. The notion of “Text” is intrinsically opposite to a random sequence of symbols, and it can exist only inside the system of language. In this case, it is a genetic language, which is isomorphic to a natural language
II
Computations conducted in a living cell are real physical actions, and free energy and time must be spent for completing them. As all living organisms are comprised of cells, this statement is applicable to any control processes implemented in the biosphere
III
Molecular computations are limited by the microscopic scale of a cell and inevitable impact of the computations on formulation of a problem begin solved. The Chaimatics grew from the recognition of the computation reality as the quantum mechanics grew from the recognition of the measurement reality.
IV
A cell creates а quantum computing tool for solving complex problems. This tool utilizes hypersound quanta, and uses the cell cytoskeleton as the computing environment. In such a computer, a price of elementary computation converges to the physical limit, which is Planck’s constant
Chaimatic's statements are simple, but they require a change in the traditional vision, rooted in scientific practice
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Chapter I
The journey of life in science
chaimatics
хаиматика
хаиматика
Итогом жизни в науке стало установление связей между биологией, физикой, математикой и новая область исследования, посвященная вычислениям в живых системах. Ефим Либерман дал имя новой науке: «Хаиматика»
I
ДНК – это текст программы для молекулярных компьютеров клеток. «Текст» по определению не случайная последовательность знаков и может существовать только внутри языковой системы. В данном случае это генетический язык, изоморфный естественному языку
II
Вычисление в живой клетке является реальным физическим действием и требует затрат свободной энергии и времени. Поскольку все живые организмы состоят из клеток, это относится ко всему управлению, которое осуществляется в биосфере
III
Молекулярные вычисления ограничены микроскопическим объемом клетки и принципиальной возможностью влияния вычисления на условия решаемой задачи: квантовая механика возникла из осознания реальности измерения, Хаиматика - из реальности вычисления
IV
Для решения сложных задач клетка создает устройство квантового вычисления, использующего кванты гиперзвука и клеточный цитоскелет, как вычисляющую среду. Цена вычисления в таком компьютере стремится к физическому пределу – постоянной Планка
Утверждения Хаиматики просты, но они требуют изменения традиционных представлений, принятых в научной практике
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Глава I
Как все начиналось
хаиматика