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ПУБЛИКАЦИИ
The molecular computer of the cell - VII. Cell biophysics and realistic or informational physics (I).
The molecular computer of the cell - VII. Cell biophysics and realistic or informational physics (I).
1975
Biophysics
1975
1975
Biophysics
V. 20, № 3, 436-440
V. 20, № 3, 436-440
Abstract
Abstract
АННОТАЦИЯ
АННОТАЦИЯ
Living organisms in order to orient themselves in the environment measure an enormous number of parameters and therefore biophysics cannot use only the laws of the ordinary physics but must take into account the influence on the phenomena studied of the measurement and the computer process in actual physical or biophysical devices engaged in predicting the future. Science allowing for the influence of the computer process-realistic or informational (r.i.) physics-has different "laws" for different times, distances and the number of measured and predicted parameters. R.i. physics deals with non-reproducible events and considers only such time intervals and distances for which prediction may be made on the basis of the former measurements and calculations (by laws with optimal complexity). It is assumed that the live cell obeys the laws close to those optimal (limiting) laws of r.i. physics. Physics and quantum mechanics are regarded as the limiting case of r.i. physics in which the distance and times used are made sufficiently long and the number of simultaneously measured independent parameters small so that the influence of the computer device becomes negligibly small. The molecular computer machine of the cell (m.c.) [1] cannot calculate the interaction of a large number of different molecules by using the equations of quantum mechanics since the expenditure of the "price of action" would be too great and both the m.c. and the world surrounding it would change.
Living organisms in order to orient themselves in the environment measure an enormous number of parameters and therefore biophysics cannot use only the laws of the ordinary physics but must take into account the influence on the phenomena studied of the measurement and the computer process in actual physical or biophysical devices engaged in predicting the future. Science allowing for the influence of the computer process-realistic or informational (r.i.) physics-has different "laws" for different times, distances and the number of measured and predicted parameters. R.i. physics deals with non-reproducible events and considers only such time intervals and distances for which prediction may be made on the basis of the former measurements and calculations (by laws with optimal complexity). It is assumed that the live cell obeys the laws close to those optimal (limiting) laws of r.i. physics. Physics and quantum mechanics are regarded as the limiting case of r.i. physics in which the distance and times used are made sufficiently long and the number of simultaneously measured independent parameters small so that the influence of the computer device becomes negligibly small. The molecular computer machine of the cell (m.c.) [1] cannot calculate the interaction of a large number of different molecules by using the equations of quantum mechanics since the expenditure of the "price of action" would be too great and both the m.c. and the world surrounding it would change.
chaimatics
Chaimatics
Discovery of links between the biology, physics and mathematics, and founding a new area of studies focused on computations in living systems are his life achievements. Efim Liberman gave the name of “Chaimatics” to this new area of science
I
DNA is the text of a code written for molecular computers of living cells. The notion of “Text” is intrinsically opposite to a random sequence of symbols, and it can exist only inside the system of language. In this case, it is a genetic language, which is isomorphic to a natural language
II
Computations conducted in a living cell are real physical actions, and free energy and time must be spent for completing them. As all living organisms are comprised of cells, this statement is applicable to any control processes implemented in the biosphere
III
Molecular computations are limited by the microscopic scale of a cell and inevitable impact of the computations on formulation of a problem begin solved. The Chaimatics grew from the recognition of the computation reality as the quantum mechanics grew from the recognition of the measurement reality.
IV
A cell creates а quantum computing tool for solving complex problems. This tool utilizes hypersound quanta, and uses the cell cytoskeleton as the computing environment. In such a computer, a price of elementary computation converges to the physical limit, which is Planck’s constant
Chaimatic's statements are simple, but they require a change in the traditional vision, rooted in scientific practice
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Chapter I
The journey of life in science
chaimatics
хаиматика
хаиматика
Итогом жизни в науке стало установление связей между биологией, физикой, математикой и новая область исследования, посвященная вычислениям в живых системах. Ефим Либерман дал имя новой науке: «Хаиматика»
I
ДНК – это текст программы для молекулярных компьютеров клеток. «Текст» по определению не случайная последовательность знаков и может существовать только внутри языковой системы. В данном случае это генетический язык, изоморфный естественному языку
II
Вычисление в живой клетке является реальным физическим действием и требует затрат свободной энергии и времени. Поскольку все живые организмы состоят из клеток, это относится ко всему управлению, которое осуществляется в биосфере
III
Молекулярные вычисления ограничены микроскопическим объемом клетки и принципиальной возможностью влияния вычисления на условия решаемой задачи: квантовая механика возникла из осознания реальности измерения, Хаиматика - из реальности вычисления
IV
Для решения сложных задач клетка создает устройство квантового вычисления, использующего кванты гиперзвука и клеточный цитоскелет, как вычисляющую среду. Цена вычисления в таком компьютере стремится к физическому пределу – постоянной Планка
Утверждения Хаиматики просты, но они требуют изменения традиционных представлений, принятых в научной практике
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Глава I
Как все начиналось
хаиматика